Rivet breaker



H. KELLER.

RIVET BBEAKEH. APPLICATloN FILED 1 AN,27. 1920.

Patented June 13, 11922..

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v RIVET BREAKER. APPucATxoN FILED MN. 21. 1920.

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Patented June i3 11. www

HARRY KELLER, or

CHICAGO. ELIINOIS.

RIVET BREAKEB.

Application led January 27, le20.

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it known that l, HARRY KELLER, a citizen of the ilnited tates, residing in the city of Chicago, county of Cook, State of illinois, have invented a new and useful Rivet ,reaker, of which the following is a speci- '.Vication.

My invention consists of a novel construction of a pneumatic rivet breaker, wherein l employ a cylinder having a vgrooved piston therein, which has a stroke considerably in excess of its own length, whereby friction is diminished, a reduction of weight is obtained and a very powerful blow can be struck upon the rivet or other article to be acted upon, said cylinder having a novel arrangement of inlet and exhaust ports therein and being capable of being produced at a minimum expenseand by reason of my novel constriution of valve end and coacting inlet and supplemental exhaust passages, I am enabled to obtain a maximum efficiency of power from the compressed air or` motive lfluid employed and l am'also, by reason of a novel arrangement of springs located at the front and rear of said cylinder enabled to reduce to a minimum the shock, jar and vibration which has heretofore been incident to the operation of tools of this general character.

My invention further consists of a novel construction of a controlling valve which is manually operated in a novel manner by means of a handle which is located within the front and rcarends of the piston cylinder, so that said handle or valve operating means is more readily and conveniently ac cessible than heretofore, and is actuated in a plane parallel to the axis of said cylinder.

It further consists of a'novel construction of a head block, a valve located transversely therein and provided with novel inlet and outlet grooves and passages for controlling the inlet and exhaust of the compressed air or other motive fluid.

it further consists, ina device of the char- I acter stated, of a novel construction of a cylinder having a plurality of constantly open supplemental exhaust passages, in the forward end thereof, for the purpose of speeding up the hammering piston and enabling the same to strike a heavier and quicker blow than heretofore and in addition permitting a quicker return or backward movement of the piston to the rear of the cylinder pre-I paratory t0 striking the forward blow. Y

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J une i3, i922,

Serial No. 354,408.

By my novel invention a rivet cutter or breaker is produced wherein the rivets may be cut quickly in about three blows of the hammering piston and which can be handled Vconveniently and easily by a minimum number of operators and readily controlled by yone of said operators.

`found in practice to give satisfactory and reliable results, although it is to be understoed that the various instrumentalities of which my invention consists can be variously'arranged and organized and that my invention is not limited to the precise arrangement and organization of these instruinentz'ilities as herein shown and described.

Figure l represents a side'elevation of a lrnieumatic rivet breaker, embodying my invention.

Figures Q and 3 represent longitudinal sectional views of Figure l showing the valve, its piston and coacting ports in the respective positions they may assume.

Figure it represents a transverse sectional view .showingY the valve and its head bleek the valve being in the exhaust position.

Figure 5 represents a side elevation of the valve.

Figure (5 represents a top plan view of Figure 5 and the valve stem being shown in section.

Figure 7 represents a perspective view of said valve.

Similar numerals of reference represent corresponding` parts in the figures.

Referring to the drawings:

l designates my novel construction of rivet breaker, the'same comprising the cylinder or barrel 2, whose rear end is fitted into Vthe head block or valve block 3, and whose forward end is secured within vthe nosepiece 4l, whose forward extremity has threaded or otherwise 'secured therein the bushing 5, in whiehis received the shank 6 of the chisel or other-working tool 7, which is applied to the rivet to be cut or broken, said shank 6 fbeing surrounded by the coil spring 8, whose `forward Aend abuts against the contiguous end of `said bushing The cylinder 2 is provided with the pistony chamber 9 in which reciprocates the hammering piston or plunger l0, which comprises the two end heads -ll connected by the neck 12 or' lesser dameter whereby the piston lightened and friction reduced. The rear end of the piston chamber 9 contains the coil spring 13, which is adapted to abut against the wall 111- of the head block and protect the latter from the impact of the piston 10 on its return or rearward stroke, as will be understood from Figure 2. T he head block 3 is provided with a novel construction of valve 15, which is preferably a rotary valve and is arranged in the head block transversely to the axis of the cylinder 2. The construction of this valve will, be best understood from. Figures -l to 7, said valve having the stem 16 projecting therefrom at a right angle to the axis of the cylinder 2, which stem passes through the nut 17, screwed into the head block 3. he stem 16 has secured to its outer end the handle 18 provided with the knob 19 for convenient manipulation, it being apparent that said valve operating handle does not lie beyond the end of the tool or its head block in a plane at right angles to the axis of the tool, but extends and is movable in a plane parallel with the .axis of the tool. The valve 15 is assembled within its chamber in the head block, so that a shallow spring chamber 20 is formed in which 1 locate the spring 21, whose function is to press the valve at all times outwardly against the nut 17, whereby` the req-- uisite tight joint is obtained between the working parts and any wear on the contiguous parts is automatically taken up. The motive fluid which is preferably compressed air enters the head block at the inlet 22, and when the parts are in the position seen `in Figure 3, it will be understood that the air flows through the transverse valve port 23 of the valve and the passage 24 of Vthe head block against the rear end of the' piston 10, so that the latter is driven forwardly into the position seen in Figure 3 where said piston is shown in the act of impacting upon the shank of the chisel or other working tool. During the forward travel of the piston, there has been a free and unobstructed exhaust of the motive fluid in advanee of the piston through the ports 25 and 26 `which lead to the common exhaust passage 27 having its outlet at 28 to the atmosphere, it being evident that by the provision of the forward supplemental exhaust ports 25 and 26, which are constantly open and uncontrolled by any valve, that the forward blow of the hammering piston 10 is unimpeded and unobstructed to a minimum` extent, so that a very rapid and powerful forward blow is imparted to the shank 6 of the working tool. During the forward movement of the piston 10, the exhaust from the forward end of the piston takes place through the forward port 29, passage 30 and passage 3l into the grooves 32 and 33 into the exhaust pipe Set to the atmosphere, as

ifi-rasee will be understood from Figure 4 in which the valve is shown, as exhausting from the front end of the cylinder` The relative position of the parts during the forward moven'ient of the piston in striking a blow and the manner of exhausting from the forward end of the piston being understood from Figures 3 and l and the heavy blow having been struck on the shank (3 of the chisel 7, the valve 15 is next manually turned from the position seen in Figures 3 and 4 into the position seen in Figiiire 2, whereupon the flow of motive fluid against the rear end of the piston 10 is cut oil' and as the piston 10 moves from the position seen in Figure 3 to the position seen in Figure 2, exhaust is at once permitted through the ports 25, 27 and 28. The motive fluid now flows through the inlet 22, grooves and 32, and passage 31 (see Figure 2) and passage 30 and port 29 to the forward end of the cylinder 2 and the piston 10 is caused 'to move from the position seen in Figure 3 to the position seen in Figure 2, the reiiiaining exhaust from the rear end of piston 10 taking place through the port 241 and exhaust port 35 and port 23 of the valve 15 to the atmosphere.

T he piston 10 is cushioned in its rearward strokes by its impact upon the spring 13 as will be understood from Figure 2, which also serves to accelerate the forward movement of said piston which is desirable in devices of this character.

1 desire to call special attention to the constantly open exhaust ports 25 and 26 which are uncontrolled by any valve, since by the provision thereof particularly the forward exhaust port 26, 1 have found by practical tests that 1 am enabled to strike a blow of 25W) additional power, so that an ordinary rivet can be broken in about three blows of the hammering piston. rllhe pipe eontaii'iing the passage 30 instead of being a rubber hose as in certain prior constructions with which 1 am familiar is preferably a metal tube braided or soldered to the cylinder 2. rl`he movement of the valve handle 1S from its extreme positions seen .in Figurevl can be limited by pins or abut ments or shoulders 36 and 37 formed on the nut 17.

1 am aware of the patent to Sedinger No. 1,201,936, but my invention is differentiated therefrom, since my valve construction is entirely dissimilar as is the valvular con. trol of the cycle of operationfand my valve operating handle does not lie beyond the head of the tool in a plane at right angles to the axis of the valve and head, but extends and is operable in a plane parallel to? the axis of the cylinder, and the manner of e' 'fl'ecting` the valvular control of the inlet and exhaust of the motive` fluid from the forward. end of the cylinder is different from the patent aforesaid, since my novel valve simply comprises the plug or body having the internal ports and 35, and the external channels 32 and 33, which can be cheaply formed, and to none of the constructions of the prior art do l herein make my claim.

lt will now be apparent that l have devised a new and useful rivet breaker' which embodies the features of advantage enumerated as desirable in the statement of the invention and the above description, and while have, in the present instance, shown and descril'ied a preferred embodiment thereof which will be found in practice to give satisfactory and reliable results, it is to be understood that the saine is susceptible of modification in various iliarticulars without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention or sacrificing' any of its advantages.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim is new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

l. )i pneumatic rivet breaker, comprising a cylinder, a head block for the rear end of said cylinder and having a transverse valve seat therein, a nose piece for the forward end of said cylii'ider, a piston for said cylinder, cushioning springs located in the extreme ends of said cylinder, a rotary valve in said transverse valve seat, having a body provided with a diametric port, a port at right angles thereto, an annular outer air passage and an outer longitudinal channel, said cylinder and head block having ports and passages controlled by said valve for permitting the inlet and exhaust of motive fluid and means for actuating said valve operable in a plane parallel to the axis of said cylinder.

2. A pneumatic rivet breaker, comprising a cylinder, a head block for the rear end of said cylinder and having a transverse valve seat therein, a nose piece for the forward end of said cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a rotary valve in said transverse valve seat, having a body provided with a diametric port, a port at right angles thereto, an annular outer air passage and an outer longitudinal channel, said cylinder and head block having ports and passages controlled by said valve, for permitting the inlet and exhaust of motive fluid, and a plurality of exhaust passages in the forward end of said cylinder which are constantly open to the atmosphere and uncontrolled by any valve.

3. In a pneumatic rivet breaker, a valve comprising a body portion having the port 23 extending' diametrically therethrough about midway of its ends, a port 35 extending at an angle to said port 23, an air passage 32 at one end of said valve and in communication with a longitudinally extending channel 33, which terminates at about the middle of said valve, a valve stem for said valve, an operating handle therefor, a head block having' a transve e valve seat therein in which said valve is located, a cylinder, a piston, and ports and passages common to said head block and to Vthe forward end of said cylinder for effecting the reciprocation of said piston.

4f. A pneumatic rivet breaker, comprising a cylinder, a head block secured thereto and having a transverse valve seat therein, a nose piece also secured to said cylinder and having tool receiving bushing therein, a spring located in said nose piece, a spring located in the rear end of said cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, and a rotary valve mounted in said transverse seatin "said head block, said valve being provided with the port 23 extending diametrically' through the body thereof, and the port 35 in said body extending at an angle to said port 23, said valve body also having the outer channel 32 formed therein, which communicates with a longitudinal channel 33, terminating at about the middle of said valve body, said channels 32 and 33 serving alternately as inlet and exhaust passages for the motive fluid to and from the forward end of said cylinder.

5. In a pneumatic rivet breaker, a cylinder having a head block with a longitudinal port therethrough secured to the rear end thereof, and a nose piece secured to the forward end thereof, a tool bushing secured to said nose piece, cushioning springs located in the ends of said cylinder, a rotary valve transversely arranged in said head block, and comprising a body portion having' the diametric port 23 extending therethrough and a port 35 at right angles thereto and communicating with said port 23, an annular channel 32 formed in one end of said valve, and a longitudinally extending outer channel 33 communicating therewith, a spring pressing upon one end of said valve to take up wear, a port 3l leading from the valve channel 32 to a passage 30 communieating with the port 29 at the forward end of the cylinder, and means for manually operating said valve.

6. A pneumatic rivet breaker, comprising' a cylinder, a head block having a transverse valve seat therein, a nose piece secured to said cylinder and having a tool receiving bushing therein, a cushioning spring located in said nose piece, a cushioning spring located in the rear end of said cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a rotary valve mounted in its transverse seat in said head block, said valve being provided with the port 23 eX- tending diametrically through the body thereof, and the port 35 extending at an angle to said port 23, said valve having the outer channel 32 formed therein, which communicates with the longitudinal channel 33, said channels 32 and serving alternately as inlet and exhaust passages for the motive fluid, and the exhaust ports 25 and 26 located in the forward end of said cylinder and leading to the common exhaust passage 27 and the outlet 28 to the atmosphere, said exhaust ports 25, 26 and passage 27 being constantly open to the atmosphere and uncontrolled by any valve.

7. In a pneumatic rivet breaker, a cylinder having a head block secured to the 'rear end thereof and a nose piece to the forward end thereof, a tool bushing secured to said nose piece, a cushioning spring located in the rear end of said cylinder, a rotary valve transversely arranged in said head block, and coniprising a body portion having the diametric port 23 extending therethrough and/ I a port at right angles thereto, and communicating with said port 23, an annular channel 32 formed in one end of said valve, and a longitudinally extending outer channel 33 communicating therewith, a spring pressing upon one end of said valve, to take up wear, a port 3l leading from the valve channel 32 to a passage 3() communicating with the port 29 at the forward end of said cylinder, supplemental exhaust ports 25 and 26 located in the forward end of said cylinder and communica-ting with a common exhaust passage 27 having an exhaust to the atmosphere, said supplemental exhaust ports and passages being constantly open to the atmosphere and uncontrolled by any valve and a valve handle lying within theends of the tool proper and movable in a plane parallel to the axis of said cylinder.

8. ln a pneumatic rivet breaker, a cylinder having a head block with a longitudinal port therethrough secured to the rear end thereofl and a nose piece to the forward end thereof, a tool bushing secured to said nose piece7 cushioning springs located in the ends of said cylinder, a rotary valve transversely arranged in said head block, and comprising a body portion having the diametric port 23 extending therethrough and a port 35 at right angles thereto, and communicating with said port 23, an annular channel 32 formed in one end of said valve, and a longitudinally extending channel 33 communicating therewith, a spring pressing upon one end of said valve to take up wear, a port 8l leading from the valve channel 32 to a passage 3() communicating with the port 29 at the forward end of said cylinder, and supplemental exhaust ports 25 and 26 located in the forward end of said cylinder' and communicating with a common exhaust passage 27 having an exhaust to the atmosphere, said supplemental exhaust ports andpassages being constantly open to the atmosphere and uncontrolled by any valve.

HARRY KELLER.

Witnesses C. SMITH, DONALD DESPAIN. 

